Active Server Page (ASP) – An advanced Microsoft program used to create and maintain databases.
ActiveX – Properties, or controls, that determine the way that information is shared between the website and the user.
Apache – A free server program built by open-source programmers that is often used due to its high stability, performance, and security.
Application Service Provider – A third party who provides programs to be used on the server/network.
Bandwidth – The total amount of data that can be transmitted from the server to the user trying to access the information in a given time. The more bandwidth, the more people can access your website.
Common Gateway Interface (CGI) – A script that takes and processes data taken from the user, such as an application.
CGI-bin – The directory on a server where the CGI scripts are stored.
Co-located hosting – A certain hosting option where the consumer provides the physical hardware, while the hosting company provides the internet connection and rack space.
Cookie – A text file that is sent from the server to the user’s computer. Cookies usually are exchanged both ways in order to create custom content for users, and also for data exchanges, such as a registration form.
Dedicated Hosting – A hosting package that allows a user to have the whole server for just their website. While this allows the user to pick their choice of OS, hardware and programs, cost is an issue.
Diesel Generator – A diesel-powered generator used by web hosting company to provide backup power in case of a power outage.
Domain names – Domain names are the word sequences that users type into the URL bar to access your website. Domain names are attached to a DNS, Domain Naming System, which is used to translate numeric addresses (IP) into words.
Firewall – Software that was designed to protect servers by blocking hackers/unauthorized users.
Flash– An animation software developed by Macromedia, which is commonly used due to its low bandwidth usage.
FrontPage – A website design and management tool developed by Microsoft.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – A method of allowing remote users and servers to exchange files.
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) – The language by which servers and users communicate to each other with. All processing/output whatever language it is done in must be converted to HTML before being transferred.
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – Is the protocol by which HTML moves files across the internet.
Internet Information Server (IIS) – Microsoft’s new server software only for Windows NT/2000.
Intranet – A huge internal network structured similarly to the internet. The main difference is that on an intranet, only authorized people can use it.
Internet Protocol (IP) – Designs the format of data packets that are used to exchange information over the internet.
IRC – Short for Internet Relay Chat, and is a popular text based multi-user chat network.
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) – Is a high speed solution to moving data over phone lines. On average ISDN can transfer 128,000 bits per second over a standard land line.
Load Balancing – A term that refers to the re-distribution of data across a network of servers so that one server does not get inundated with work, therefore, ensuring reliable performance.
Managed Hosting – A dedicated server that comes with full maintenance and monitoring services. This is slightly different from dedicated web hosting, but is similar in concept.
Multipurpose Internet Email Extensions (MIME) – A protocol that allows users to transfer non-text messages, such as audio, video, or image files through email.
Mirror sites – A mirror site is an exact copy of another FTP and is used to spread traffic or ease the load on a server.
MS Index Server – An add-on for Microsoft Internet Information Server (see above) that indexes documents on servers running IIS. Then the information indexed is presented to users in a searchable format.
Name Server – A server responsible for translating domain names and IP addresses.
Newsgroup – a USENET discussion group (see below).
Network Operations Center (NOC) – Is essentially the command center of the web hosting company, where the physical servers are located and the administration of the servers take place.
Optical Carrier (OC) – Portrays the speed of the fiber-optic network, and the speeds can vary from 1 to 48 Mbps, while OC3 connections can go up to 155.52Mbps.
Packet Switching – The method by which most data is exchanged throughout the internet, the data is often broken down into smaller packets then reassembled after the exchange.
Parking – Domain names must be placed on a server in order to be purchased, therefore, most domain names must be temporarily placed on a server until a hosting plan is purchased or the owner points the DNS to a different site. This action is deemed “parking.â€
Post Office Protocol (POP) – An email protocol that mail software use to communicate with mail servers.
Propagation – The process where name servers add new domain names or remove expired ones.
Redundant array of Independent Disks (RAID) – A method of data protection/backup, where data is stored over a number of servers so that information will be still accessible if a piece of hardware/software fails.
Reseller – A reseller operates the components of a web hosting company while using the service, equipment, and infrastructure of an existing web hosting company.
Scalability – The potential expansion factor of a piece of software/hardware as the demand grows.
Shared Hosting – This is the most basic of web hosting services where multiple users have their websites stored on one server. While this allows each user to pay less per month, performance also suffers a cut.